Which term describes actions that breach explicit rules?

• A. Cheating
• B. Doping
• C. Rule-bending
• D. Fraud

Answer: (A)

Cheating describes actions that breach explicit rules. In sports, cheating is the broad label for deliberately violating the written rules to gain an unfair advantage, which is exactly what breaking the rules signals. Doping is a specific form of cheating involving banned substances, so it’s not the general term for all rule violations. Rule-bending implies twisting rules without clearly breaking them, which is too vague for a formal description of rule violations. Fraud is deception for personal gain and, while it can occur in sports, it’s a broader term not the standard label for breaking competition rules.