What is a central ethical question about the use of new sports technologies in competitions?

• A. Engagement and excitement are the only ethical concerns.
• B. How it affects fairness, health risks, and access, and whether it constitutes deviant enhancement.
• C. Only the cost to athletes matters.
• D. The central question is how fairness, health risks, access, and whether certain tech counts as deviant enhancement are addressed.

Answer: (D)

The central idea is that new sports technologies raise an ethical debate about whether they create unfair advantages, pose health risks, and widen who can participate, and about where the line is drawn on whether a technology counts as deviant enhancement. The best choice explicitly names all these dimensions and frames them as questions that must be addressed within the rules and governance of the sport. It isn’t enough to note that these technologies exist; the ethical issue is how fairness, health risks, and access are treated in policy, and whether a given technology crosses the boundary into deviant enhancement.

Other options miss important pieces. One focuses only on engagement and excitement, ignoring fairness, health, and access. Another centers purely on cost, leaving out fairness and health. The remaining framing covers the same ideas but doesn’t foreground the aspect of how these concerns are addressed by rules and norms, which is crucial to understanding ethics in competition.