What do digital detection methods in sport deviance research mainly involve?

• A. Relying on traditional whistleblowing only.
• B. Using digital tools to detect doping and cheating, such as data analysis and surveillance.
• C. Focusing solely on in-person interviews.
• D. Publishing annual reports without data.

Answer: (B)

Digital detection methods in sport deviance research rely on technology to identify cheating or doping by collecting and analyzing digital data. This includes examining biological test results, performance statistics, competition data, and digital traces from video, wearables, and online activity, then applying statistical analyses, data mining, and sometimes machine learning to spot anomalies that indicate wrongdoing. The emphasis is on data-driven detection rather than relying solely on human reports or interviews. While whistleblowing can uncover issues, it isn’t the digital approach; in-person interviews provide context but don’t leverage the automated, data-centered methods that digital detection uses; and publishing reports without data would not reflect the evidence-based aspect central to digital detection methods.