Identify two common typologies of deviance in sport.

• A. Doping and corruption.
• B. Team selection bias and poor coaching.
• C. Officiating errors and travel schedules.
• D. Doping and violence/rough play.

Answer: (D)

Deviance in sport is about behaviors that violate rules, norms, or safety expectations. The two most widely recognized categories are doping and violence or rough play. Doping involves using illegal substances or methods to gain an unfair performance edge, which directly violates anti-doping rules and the principle of fair competition. Violence or rough play refers to aggressive actions that exceed accepted levels of contact or safety, violating codes of conduct and jeopardizing athletes’ safety. Together, these capture both the violation of rules for advantage and the breach of norms around safe, respectful play, making them the most standard pair discussed in sport deviance literature. Other options shift toward organizational or logistical issues rather than explicit rule-breaking by participants, so they don’t represent the typical typologies of deviant behavior in sport.